Mild Steel: An In-Depth Guide on Its Characteristics and Uses

Mild steel, known for its low carbon content, is a versatile and affordable metal widely used in construction and manufacturing. Its high malleability, strength, and weldability make it a popular choice across industries. This guide covers the key properties, grades, types, and applications of mild steel relevant to specific construction and fabrication needs.

What is Mild Steel?

Mild steels are low-carbon steels made from iron and carbon. It is a type of low-carbon steel, typically containing 0.05-0.25% carbon, contributing to its excellent flexibility and weldability. They’re the most common type of steel we use and are perfect for general fabrication work. It is relatively affordable, durable, and strong, making it ideal for a wide range of applications, including construction, and industrial fabrication. Its surface hardness can be achieved through carburizing. It is a top choice for structural steel despite its susceptibility to rust. Mild steel remains in demand due to its adaptability.

Properties of Mild Steel

Mild steel’s mechanical and chemical properties include a balance of strength and ductility, while its low carbon content impacts its hardness and strength. The carbon content in mild steel is deliberately kept low to retain weldability and malleability. Higher carbon content would make the steel harder and stronger but more brittle and less ductile. For applications where flexibility and ease of forming are important, mild steel is advantageous. Additionally, the lower carbon level keeps production costs down, contributing to its affordability and widespread use. Compared to high-carbon steel, mild steel is softer and less brittle, making it easier to machine, cut, and weld. In contrast, stainless steel contains alloying elements such as chromium and nickel, which enhance its corrosion resistance but increase its cost.  Mild steel strikes a balance by being a cost-effective material with sufficient strength and flexibility for most construction and manufacturing applications, especially in non-corrosive environments. These properties differ significantly from high-carbon or stainless steels, making mild steel more cost-effective and easier to work with in welding and fabrication.

Mild Steel Grades Explained

Various grades of mild steel, such as S235, S275, and S355, are designated based on their strength and application needs, as per the BS EN10025 standard. These grades help determine the strength, durability, and suitability of mild steel for specific applications in construction and manufacturing.  Each grade indicates distinct mechanical properties, which are crucial in selecting the right type of mild steel for various load-bearing and structural needs.  For instance, S235 is commonly used in lighter applications, while S355 is preferred for higher-strength requirements. The prefixes and numbers in these steel grades provide insights into the material’s strength and intended applications:

• S235: This grade is often used in light structural applications where high strength isn’t the primary requirement. It has a minimum yield strength of around 235 MPa, which makes it suitable for general-purpose structural work where flexibility and cost-efficiency are more important than load-bearing capacity.
• S275: Slightly stronger than S235, S275 has a minimum yield strength of 275 MPa. It is often chosen for construction applications that require a balance of strength and ductility, such as frames, supports, and bracing. This grade can bear higher loads than S235, making it a good choice for structural frameworks.
• S355: Known for its higher yield strength of 355 MPa, S355 is commonly used in heavier structural applications and load-bearing structures where higher strength is essential, such as beams, columns, and industrial equipment. This grade can withstand more stress, making it ideal for demanding construction environments.

Each of these grades provides different mechanical properties to match specific requirements, allowing designers and engineers to select the best grade based on factors like load-bearing needs, flexibility, and cost. The BS EN10025 standard is a European standard that defines the specifications for various structural steel products, including mild steel. It provides a unified system for classifying steel grades to ensure consistency in quality and performance across construction and manufacturing industries. The grade designations in BS EN10025 consist of several components:

1. Prefix “S”: Indicates that the steel is intended for structural use (e.g., S235, S275, S355). The “S” stands for Structural Steel.
2. Numerical Value: This number represents the minimum yield strength of the steel in megapascals (MPa). For instance, S235 has a yield strength of 235 MPa, while S355 has a yield strength of 355 MPa. Higher numbers correspond to stronger steel that can bear heavier loads.
3. Additional Designations: Some grades may include additional letters, such as “JR,” “JRH,” or “JO,” which indicate specific impact resistance and test conditions. For example:
   • JR: Indicates that the steel has undergone testing at room temperature and has a minimum impact energy of 27 Joules.
   • JRH: Used for hollow sections, suitable for tubing and pipes in structural applications.
   • JO: Tested at lower temperatures, offering better impact resistance in cold environments.

The BS EN10025 standard ensures that steel grades are manufactured with predictable mechanical properties, making it easier for engineers to select steel based on consistent standards. This standard is critical for projects that require specific grades of mild steel to meet exacting performance and safety standards, whether for light, general-purpose construction (using S235), moderate load-bearing structures (using S275), or heavy-duty, high-stress applications (using S355).

Types and Uses of Mild Steel Sections

Each mild steel type has specific grades and forms suited to diverse structural and fabrication needs: With so many grades of mild steel, here is a guide to each one to help you make the best choice for your project with the grades’ provided physical and mechanical properties.

a. Mild Steel Box Section (Square/Rectangle) – S235JRH/S355JRH 

Physical Properties

Property	S235JRH	S355JRH
Density	7,850 kg/m³	7,850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1,420-1,460 °C	1,420-1,460 °C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.15 µΩ·m	0.15 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	54 W(/m·K)	54 W/(m·K)
Thermal Expansion	11.7 µm/(m·K)	11.7 µm/(m·K)

Mechanical Properties

Property	S235JRH	S355JRH
Yield Strength	235 MPa	355 MPa
Tensile Strength	360-510 MPa	470-630 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	235 MPa	355 MPa
Shear Strength	140 MPa	210 MPa
Hardness	120 HB	146-187 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%	18%

Box sections are strong, hollow profiles ideal for structural frames and general fabrication. S235JRH is suited for lighter applications, whereas S355JRH offers enhanced load-bearing capacity. Mild Steel Box Section is also known as a mild steel hollow section, SHS, Square Box Section, Steel Box Section, or ERW tube. It boasts a wide range of applications and its durability provides long-lasting protection for various products, from traffic signs to pipeline constructions. With its lightweight design, the mild steel box section is highly malleable and resistant to bending or cracking, making it an ideal choice for numerous projects.  The properties of mild steel box sections can vary depending on the grade selected. Our mild steel box section is available in S235JRH and S355JRH grades. S235JRH offers good corrosion resistance, excellent weldability, and superior machinability and formability. Meanwhile, S355JRH provides enhanced strength.  Our mild steel box section is suitable for structures, frames, installations, safety grills, furniture, gateposts, and much more. You can customize it into any shape to meet your precise specifications. Explore our extensive range to discover various grades, finishes, weldability, corrosion resistance, formability, and machinability options tailored to your needs.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel Box Section – Sizes

20 mm x 20 mm x 2 mm

20 mm x 20 mm x 2.5 mm

25 mm x 25 mm x 2 mm

25 mm x 25 mm x 2.5 mm

25 mm x 25 mm x 3 mm

30 mm x 30 mm x 2.5 mm

30 mm x 30 mm x 3 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 2.5 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 2 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 3 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 4 mm

50 mm x 25 mm x 2.5 mm

50 mm x 25 mm x 2 mm

50 mm x 25 mm x 3 mm

50 mm x 30 mm x 2.5 mm

50 mm x 30 mm x 3 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 2.5 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 3 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 4 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 5 mm

60 mm x 40 mm x 3 mm

60 mm x 60 mm x 3 mm

60 mm x 60 mm x 4 mm

60 mm x 60 mm x 5 mm

70 mm x 70 mm x 3 mm

70 mm x 70 mm x 4 mm

70 mm x 70 mm x 5 mm

75 mm x 50 mm x 3 mm

75 mm x 50 mm x 5 mm

75 mm x 75 mm x 3 mm

80 mm x 40 mm x 3 mm

80 mm x 40 mm x 4 mm

80 mm x 80 mm x 3 mm

80 mm x 80 mm x 5 mm

90 mm x 90 mm x 3 mm

90 mm x 90 mm x 5 mm

100 mm x 50 mm x 3 mm

100 mm x 50 mm x 4 mm

100 mm x 50 mm x 5 mm

100 mm x 60 mm x 3 mm

100 mm x 60 mm x 5 mm

100 mm x 100 mm x 3 mm

100 mm x 100 mm x 4 mm

100 mm x 100 mm x 5 mm

100 mm x 100 mm x 8 mm

b. Mild Steel Channel – S275JR

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

Channel steel has a U-shaped cross-section, making it suitable for frames, supports, and bracing. S275JR is a commonly used grade, offering good strength for construction applications. Mild steel channels play a crucial role in the construction industry, especially in house-building projects, thanks to their exceptional machinability and resistance to corrosion. They are essential for providing structural support for various steel elements, including lintels above doors, floor joists, and bridge construction. Their strength and versatility make them indispensable components in garages and warehouses across the UK. Moreover, mild steel channels are widely used in machinery framing and engineering projects, where they serve as support braces, latches, mechanical parts, and industrial tools. Their reliability and adaptability also make them a popular choice for a diverse range of DIY projects.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel Channel – Sizes

40 mm x 20 mm x 5.5 mm

50 mm x 25 mm x 5.5 mm

51 mm x 38 mmx 5.8 mm

76 mm x 38 mm x 6.8 mm

100 mm x 50 mm x 8.5 mm

125 mm x 65 mm x 9.5 mm

150 mm x 75 mm x 10 mm

150 mm x 90 mm x 12 mm

180 mm x 75 mm x 10.5 mm

c. Mild Steel Angle Iron – EN 10025 Grade S275JR

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

Angle iron, with its L-shaped profile, is useful for structural support in frames. The S275JR grade provides durability and strength, ideal for support applications in construction. Due to its low carbon content and excellent impact resistance, S275JR grade steel is among the most popular types of mild steel angle iron. This grade is suitable for welding, riveting, and bolted connections, making it a preferred choice for rail and bridge construction, as well as forklift manufacturing. We supply mild steel angle iron for various applications such as shelves, brackets, frames, trim, racks, and general engineering and DIY projects.  Our Mild Steel Unequal and Equal Angle Iron are particularly sought after for their strength and adaptability. Unequal angles are perfect for applications that require varied dimensions and structural support. Manufactured to meet rigorous industry standards, our hot-rolled equal and unequal steel angles provide exceptional durability, making them suitable for both small-scale and large-scale projects. Whether you’re reinforcing structures or creating frameworks, our equal and unequal angles ensure reliable performance and flexibility. On the other hand, our Equal Angle Iron delivers balanced support, making it ideal for symmetrical constructions and uniform load distribution. With their robust design and superior machinability, both our unequal and equal angle iron options are designed to meet the demands of diverse applications, providing you with the quality and reliability you need for your projects.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel Angle Iron – Sizes

20 mm x 20 mm x 3 mm

25 mm x 25 mm x 3 mm

25 mm x 25 mm x 5 mm

30 mm x 30 mm x 3 mm

30 mm x 30 mm x 5 mm

40 mm x 25 mm x 4 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 3 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 4 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 5 mm

40 mm x 40 mm x 6 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 3 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 5 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 6 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 8 mm

60 mm x 40 mm x 6 mm

60 mm x 60 mm x 5 mm

60 mm x 60 mm x 6 mm

60 mm x 60 mm x 8 mm

70 mm x 70 mm x 6 mm

70 mm x 70 mm x 8 mm

70 mm x 70 mm x 10 mm

75 mm x 75 mm x 6 mm

75 mm x 75 mm x 10 mm

80 mm x 80 mm x 6 mm

80 mm x 80 mm x 8 mm

80 mm x 80 mm x 10 mm

100 mm x 100 mm x 8 mm

100 mm x 100 mm x 10 mm

120 mm x 120 mm x 8 mm

200 mm x 100 mm x 10 mm

d. Mild Steel Flat Bars – S275JR

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

Flat bars, versatile in use for supporting frameworks and reinforcement, benefit from the strength and flexibility of the S275JR grade, making them a solid choice for various construction needs. Mild steel flat bar is known for its versatility and robust integrity, making it a go-to material across various industries. Its incredible fabrication value allows it to withstand welding, cutting, and drilling with ease, making it ideal for creating frameworks and structural improvements. The versatility of the flat bar extends further, making it an ideal material for household appliances and renewable energy projects. It is also widely used in engineering for manufacturing support braces, latches, mechanical parts, industrial tools, and various DIY applications, thanks to its excellent formability and ease of joining through welding or fixings like rivets, bolts, and screws.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel Flat Bar- Sizes

10 mm x 3 mm

13 mm x 3 mm

13 mm x 6 mm

16 mm x 3 mm

16 mm x 5 mm

20 mm x 3 mm

20 mm x 5 mm

20 mm x 6 mm

25 mm x 3 mm

25 mm x 5 mm

25 mm x 6 mm

25 mm x 8 mm

30 mm x 3 mm

30 mm x 5 mm

30 mm x 6 mm

30 mm x 8 mm

30 mm x 10 mm

40 mm x 3 mm

40 mm x 5 mm

40 mm x 6 mm

40 mm x 8 mm

40 mm x 10 mm

45 mm x 6 mm

50 mm x 3 mm

50 mm x 5 mm

50 mm x 6 mm

50 mm x 8 mm

50 mm x 10 mm

60 mm x 6 mm

60 mm x 8 mm

65 mm x 6 mm

70 mm x 6 mm

70 mm x 8 mm

75 mm x 6 mm

80 mm x 6 mm

90 mm x 6 mm

100 mm x 6 mm

100 mm x 8 mm

120 mm x 10 mm

150 mm x 6 mm

150 mm x 10 mm

150 mm x 12 mm

e. Mild Steel Round Bar Black – S275JR to BS EN10025

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

Round bars, often used in machinery parts, offer strength and machinability in S275JR, which supports construction applications. Round bar is an essential material used in many applications, especially in gas turbine engines, demonstrating its wide-ranging utility. It is found in almost every industry, from manufacturing to gardening, making it incredibly versatile. Black mild steel round bar is particularly popular because it is excellent for general fabrications, engineering tasks, and DIY projects. Its outstanding machinability, weldability, and formability make it easy to work with. Whether used for building structures, crafting furniture, or making agricultural tools, a black mild steel round bar is a reliable choice.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel Round Bar- Sizes

6 mm

8 mm

10 mm

12 mm

16 mm

19 mm

20 mm

22 mm

25 mm

f. Mild Steel Square Bars – S275JR to BS EN10025 

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

Square bars provide rigidity for general fabrication and structural frameworks. The S275JR grade adds strength and versatility for multiple uses. Mild steel square bars are known for their strength and adaptability, making them ideal for various applications. They are commonly used in the construction of frames, machinery parts, and furniture. The flexibility of mild steel square bars extends to ornamental ironwork, where they are used to craft decorative features, as well as safety barriers on windows and railings, making them essential in numerous general engineering applications.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel Square Bar- Sizes

10 mm x 10 mm

12 mm x 12 mm

16 mm x 16 mm

20 mm x 20 mm

g. Mild Steel T Bar | T Section – S275JR to BS EN10025 

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

T-bars are crucial in load-bearing and reinforcement applications, with the S275JR grade offering ideal durability for these structural needs. Mild steel T sections, also known as T bars or steel tees and are versatile structural elements commonly used in general fabrication. Their unique shape makes them ideal for a variety of applications, including semi-permanent structures, where their strength and stability are crucial. T sections are in high demand in railroad construction projects, as they serve as essential components in tracks and other railway structures. Additionally, they are widely utilized in fencing construction, providing robust support and durability.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel T Bar- Sizes

40 mm x 40 mm x 5 mm

50 mm x 50 mm x 6 mm

h. Mild Steel Circular Hollow Tube – S235JRH/S355JRH

Physical Properties

Property	S235JRH	S355JRH
Density	7,850 kg/m³	7,850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1,420-1,460 °C	1,420-1,460 °C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.15 µΩ·m	0.15 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	54 W(/m·K)	54 W/(m·K)
Thermal Expansion	11.7 µm/(m·K)	11.7 µm/(m·K)

Mechanical Properties

Property	S235JRH	S355JRH
Yield Strength	235 MPa	355 MPa
Tensile Strength	360-510 MPa	470-630 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	235 MPa	355 MPa
Shear Strength	140 MPa	210 MPa
Hardness	120 HB	146-187 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%	18%

Circular hollow tubes are used in construction for load-bearing and structural integrity. S235JRH suits lighter loads, while S355JRH is ideal for higher-stress applications. Circular hollow tubes are widely used in construction and industrial applications, known for their strength, versatility, and ability to support significant weight . Our circular hollow tubes come in various sizes to meet the unique needs of every project, ensuring you get the right fit for your structure. In industrial settings, circular hollow tubes are particularly valuable due to their excellent mechanical strength properties.  In commercial and domestic settings, steel pipes and tubing are commonly used to manufacture appliances, provide protective coverings for utility pipes, and serve in numerous fabrications and engineering projects. This combination of durability and adaptability makes circular hollow tubes an ideal choice for a wide range of applications.

Available Sizes:

Mild Steel Circular Hollow Tube- Sizes

21.3 mm x 3 mm

26.9 mm x 3 mm

33.7 mm x 2.5 mm

33.7 mm x 3 mm

33.7 mm x 4 mm

42.4 mm x 2.5 mm

42.4 mm x 3 mm

48.3 mm x 2 mm

48.3 mm x 3 mm

48.3 mm x 4 mm

48.3 mm x 5 mm

60.3 mm x 3 mm

60.3 mm x 4 mm

60.3 mm x 5 mm

76.1 mm x 3 mm

76.1 mm x 4 mm

76.1 mm x 5 mm

i. Steel Beams 

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

Steel beams play a critical role in structural engineering, especially in load-bearing frameworks. Common grades are used to meet diverse structural requirements. Mild steel beams are an essential component of building construction, providing structural integrity and support for large-scale projects. Known for their I- or H-shaped cross-section, these beams are commonly referred to as Universal beams, I-beams, I-sections, H-beams, RSJs, RSJ beams, steel girders, steel lintels, and load-bearing steels. At K I Metals, we recognize the importance of using high-quality steel beams to ensure the stability of any structure. Mild steel beams are widely used to support walls and floors, particularly when creating openings in load-bearing walls or constructing extensions. Their versatility makes them essential for forming the skeleton framework of new buildings and homes, providing the critical support needed for overall stability and durability. Additionally, they play a key role in reinforcing the structural integrity of existing buildings during renovations or alterations. These beams offer excellent machinability, corrosion resistance, and weldability, making them a reliable choice for a wide range of structural applications, from residential construction to large commercial projects. Their strength, combined with the ability to withstand environmental conditions, ensures long-lasting performance and safety across various industries.

Available Sizes:

Steel Beam – Sizes

100 mm x 55 mm (8.1kg)

127 mm x 76 mm (13kg)

152 mm x 89 mm (16kg)

178 mm x 102 mm (19kg)

203 mm x 133 mm (30kg)

203 mm x 133 mm (25kg)

203 mm x 102 mm (23kg)

254 mm x 102 mm (22kg)

254 mm x 102 mm (25kg)

254 mm x 102 mm (28kg)

254 mm x 146 mm (31kg)

254 mm x 146 mm (37kg)

254 mm x 146 mm (43kg)

305 mm x 165 mm (54kg)

305 mm x 102 mm (25kg)

305 mm x 102 mm (28kg)

305 mm x 102 mm (33kg)

305 mm x 127 mm (37kg)

305 mm x 127 mm (42kg)

305 mm x 127 mm (48kg)

305 mm x 165 mm (40kg)

305 mm x 165 mm (46kg)

356 mm x 127 mm (33kg)

356 mm x 127 mm (39kg)

356 mm x 171 mm (45kg)

356 mm x 171 mm (51kg)

356 mm x 171 mm (57kg)

356 mm x 171 mm (67kg)

406 mm x 140 mm (39kg)

406 mm x 140 mm (46kg)

406 mm x 178 mm (54kg)

406 mm x 178 mm (60kg)

406 mm x 178 mm (67kg)

406 mm x 178 mm (74kg)

457 mm x 191 mm (89kg)

457 mm x 191 mm (98kg)

457 mm x 191 mm (67kg)

457 mm x 191 mm (74kg)

457 mm x 191 mm (82kg)

533 mm x 210 mm (82kg)

533 mm x 210 mm (92kg)

533 mm x 210 mm (101kg)

533 mm x 210 mm (109kg)

533 mm x 210 mm (122kg)

610 mm x 229 mm (101kg)

610 mm x 229 mm (113kg)

610 mm x 229 mm (125kg)

610 mm x 229 mm (140kg)

j. Steel Columns

Physical Properties

Property	Value
Density	7850 kg/m³
Melting Point	1425–1540°C
Modulus of Elasticity	210 GPa
Electrical Resistivity	0.16 µΩ·m
Thermal Conductivity	50 W/m·K
Thermal Expansion	12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C

Mechanical Properties

Property	Value
Yield Strength	275 MPa
Tensile Strength	430–580 MPa
Proof Stress (0.2%)	250 MPa
Shear Strength	180 MPa
Hardness	140 HB
Elongation (in 200mm)	20%

Steel columns provide vertical support in construction, enhancing stability. Various grades are chosen based on the structural load requirements.  Universal columns are crafted from high-grade mild steel, ensuring exceptional structural integrity and long-lasting performance. Whether your project is residential, commercial, or industrial, we stock the ideal steel columns to meet your needs. These robust columns are designed to support significant loads, providing stability and strength in various construction applications.  Known also as H-sections, I-sections, UCs, or girders, universal columns feature an H-shaped cross-section throughout their length. Their most common use is as major supportive columns in buildings, where their design allows them to bear loads along their vertical axis effectively.  The smaller depth of universal columns makes them superb load-bearing members in projects with height limitations, ensuring optimal performance without compromising structural integrity. While universal columns and universal beams may appear similar, they possess different qualities and applications. Universal columns are specifically engineered to resist twisting and weaving, making them ideal for vertical load-bearing scenarios. Their versatility and strength make them an excellent choice for a wide range of construction projects, ensuring durability and reliability in demanding environments.

Available Sizes:

Steel Columns – Sizes

152 mm x 152 mm (23kg)

152 mm x 152 mm (30kg)

152 mm x 152 mm (44kg)

152 mm x 152 mm (37kg)

152 mm x 152 mm (51kg)

203 mm x 203 mm (46kg)

203 mm x 203 mm (52kg)

203 mm x 203 mm (60kg)

203 mm x 203 mm (71kg)

203 mm x 203 mm (86kg)

254 mm x 254 mm (167kg)

254 mm x 254 mm (73kg)

254 mm x 254 mm (89kg)

254 mm x 254 mm (107kg)

254 mm x 254 mm (132kg)

305 mm x 305 mm (97kg)

305 mm x 305 mm (118kg)

305 mm x 305 mm (137kg)

305 mm x 305 mm (158kg)

305 mm x 305 mm (198kg)

100 mm x 100 mm (20.4kg)

Advantages of Using Mild Steel for Construction and Fabrication

Mild steel’s strength, flexibility, and affordability make it an optimal choice for construction. The specific grades mentioned are adaptable, easy to weld, and cost-effective, which supports a broad range of applications in construction and fabrication. 

• Cost – mild steels are relatively cheap materials, making them cost-effective for many applications.
• Range – there is an enormous variety of mild steel products from sheet and plate to bar and sections of all shapes and sizes.
• Recyclable – mild steel is extensively recycled and can be efficiently melted down and reused.
• Weldable – mild steel is easy to weld with all methods of welding processes.
• Ductile – mild steel can be easily stretched and formed, making it perfect for deep-drawing processes.

Maintenance and Longevity of Mild Steel

Mild steel is prone to rust if not protected. Regular maintenance, such as applying protective coatings and keeping surfaces dry, can prevent corrosion, thereby extending its service life in structural applications.

Conclusion

In summary, mild steel’s versatility, affordability, and range of grades make it suitable for diverse construction and fabrication projects. Selecting the right grade of mild steel, whether for structural frames, load-bearing columns, or machinery parts, is essential to meet project requirements effectively.